When you open a currency trading account, you are told by your forex broker that there are no commissions involved in forex trading. New traders take their brokers word as right. Most reckon that the cost of trading is minimal.
Forex brokers also called FCMs (Futures Commission Merchants) make profits through the bid-question spread they offer to their clients for each currency pair. This bid-question spread is the trading cost for you and the profit for your FCM.
Lets do a simple calculation. Spreads are usually overlooked by the individual traders as the price they pay for trading. So lets calculate your cost of trading.
Suppose, you are day trading the currency markets, 5 times every day. Take away the weekends, when you cant trade, there are 250 trading days for you.
As a day trader, you will open and close your position before the end of each trading day. That means each position is traded 2 times by you.
Suppose; your start with an account size of $50,000. You are using a leverage of 4 only, you are cautious. So this $50,000 deposit will control (50,000) (4) = $200,000 for you.
Annual Turnover = (5) (250) (2) (200,000) = $500 Million. You can see the annual turnover of your trading is huge! Now lets calculate how much your broker will make and what your trading cost is based on your spread cost. Spread Cost= (Annual Turnover) (spread)/2.
Suppose the spread offered by the broker is 3 pips. 3 Pips Spread Cost= (500M) (0.0003)/2= $75,000.
Suppose the bid/question spread offered by the broker is only 2 pips. 2 Pips Spread Cost= (500M) (0.0002)/2= $50,000.
You can see yourself, the cost of trading with a 3 pips spread versus a 2 pips is $25,000. This is 50% of your account equity. You see, a 1 pip difference can result in $25,000 more as trading cost for you.
You will have to make a profit of $75,000 simply to break even. Trading costs are one of the reasons most active traders fail in the long run.